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Acid phosphatase (, ''acid phosphomonoesterase'', ''phosphomonoesterase'', ''glycerophosphatase'', ''acid monophosphatase'', ''acid phosphohydrolase'', ''acid phosphomonoester hydrolase'', ''uteroferrin'', ''acid nucleoside diphosphate phosphatase'', ''orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum)'') is a phosphatase, a type of enzyme, used to free attached phosphoryl groups from other molecules during digestion. It can be further classified as a phosphomonoesterase. Acid phosphatase is stored in lysosomes and functions when these fuse with endosomes, which are acidified while they function; therefore, it has an acid pH optimum. This enzyme is present in many animal and plant species. Different forms of acid phosphatase are found in different organs, and their serum levels are used to evaluate the success of the surgical treatment of prostate cancer. In the past, they were also used to diagnose this type of cancer. Acid phosphatase catalyzes the following reaction at an optimal acidic pH (below 7): : Orthophosphoric monoester + H2O → alcohol + H3PO4 Phosphatase enzymes are also used by soil microorganisms to access organically bound phosphate nutrients. An assay on the rates of activity of these enzymes may be used to ascertain biological demand for phosphates in the soil. Some plant roots, especially cluster roots, exude carboxylates that perform acid phosphatase activity, helping to mobilise phosphorus in nutrient-deficient soils. Certain bacteria like Nocardia, can degrade this enzyme and utilize it as a carbon source. ==Bone acid phosphatase== Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase may be used as a biochemical marker of osteoclast function during the process of bone resorption. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「acid phosphatase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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